Acyclovir Capsules 200mg
Composition:
Each capsule contains:
Description:
Acyclovir is an antiviral agent that belongs to the class of nucleoside analogs. It inhibits herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA polymerase, preventing viral replication. It is effective against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1), Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2), and Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV).
Indications:
Acyclovir Capsules are indicated for the treatment of:
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infections, including genital herpes
- Recurrent herpes simplex infections (suppression therapy)
- Varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles)
- Prevention of herpes simplex infections in immunocompromised patients
Dosage & Administration:
Adults:
- Herpes simplex (initial infection): 200 mg every 4 hours (5 times daily) for 5-10 days
- Recurrent herpes simplex (suppression therapy): 400 mg twice daily for up to 12 months
- Varicella (chickenpox): 800 mg 5 times daily for 5-7 days
- Herpes zoster (shingles): 800 mg every 4 hours (5 times daily) for 7-10 days
Pediatric Patients:
- Varicella (chickenpox):
- 2-12 years: 20 mg/kg (max 800 mg per dose) 4 times daily for 5 days
Renal Impairment:
- CrCl < 10 mL/min: Reduce dose to 200 mg every 12 hours
Administration:
- Take orally with or without food
- Drink plenty of water to prevent kidney toxicity
Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to acyclovir or valacyclovir
- Severe renal impairment (use with caution, adjust dose)
Precautions:
- Renal toxicity risk in dehydrated or elderly patients-ensure adequate hydration
- Neurological side effects (agitation, hallucinations) possible in elderly patients
- Use with caution in immunocompromised patients-resistance may develop
Adverse Reactions:
- Common: Nausea, headache, dizziness, abdominal pain
- Serious: Acute kidney injury (rare), neurological symptoms (hallucinations, seizures)
Drug Interactions:
- Probenecid: Increases acyclovir levels-monitor for toxicity
- Mycophenolate mofetil: May increase acyclovir levels
- Theophylline: Acyclovir may increase its levels-monitor closely
Overdose & Management:
- Symptoms: Kidney failure, neurological toxicity (confusion, agitation, seizures)
- Treatment: Hydration, symptomatic management, hemodialysis if severe
Storage Conditions:
- Store below 25°C, protect from light and moisture
- Keep out of reach of children
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